Reverse Osmosis Frequently Asked Questions

1. What is reverse osmosis (RO)?

Reverse osmosis, often referred to as RO, is an advanced water purification method that was initially developed by the U.S. Navy to produce drinking water from seawater for submarine crews. It is a membrane filtration technology that works by forcing water under pressure through the very tiny pores of a semi-permeable membrane. Modern RO units for the home combine membrane technology with carbon and mechanical filtration to produce highly purified, great-tasting water.

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2. How does it work?

To put it simply, the water in modern home units is driven by normal city water pressure and flows through a sediment pre-filter which removes any dirt and small particles that are in the water. Next, a carbon pre-filter removes organic contaminants, including chlorine and its by-products. It then enters the reverse osmosis membrane-- a very tight, sheet-like filter-- which allows water to pass but rejects dissolved solids and impurities such as sodium, lead, and arsenic. Some of the water entering the unit is used to cleanse the membrane surface and flows to the kitchen drainpipes. The purified water is stored in a small storage tank until it is needed. When the faucet mounted on the sink is opened, the purified water is forced through another carbon filter, which gives it a final polish and from there to the faucet. Of course, there is more to it than this simplified description as flow control devices, check valves, and automatic shutoff devices that stop the inflow of water when the storage tank is full all play an essential role in RO, but we'll save you the time for now.

3. What is the best RO system?

All RO membranes produce similar, highly purified water. However, not all systems offer the same features. For example: The FMRO5-MT model is perfect for city water applications. This unit has five stages, meaning the water passes through a 5-micron sediment polypropylene prefilter, then two solid extruded carbon block cartridges for chlorine removal, then the RO membrane to remove the smallest of contaminants, and finally another carbon filter to polish the taste. The FMRO4G-ERP has water conservation in mind with a high-efficiency design. This model produces more water in a shorter period of time, with less water going to the drain than a traditional 50 gpd RO. This is due to the non-electric permeate pump that utilizes the drain flow to reduce the backpressure from the storage tank allowing a more consistent working pressure across the membrane. The WQC4RO13 model is designed for the consumer that would like a low maintenance premium RO. This model is designed with a designer water-dispensing faucet, low profile polypropylene storage tank, and manifold filter heads that are able to pivot 180 degrees with built-in shut off valves to make filter replacements as easy as a 1/4 twist of the filter.

4. Is an RO unit like a distiller?

While both RO units and distillers effectively reduce the "dissolved solids" content of water, the processes are quite different. RO filters water through a very tight semi-permeable membrane, while a distiller is like a big teakettle in that it boils water, catches the steam, condenses it, and captures the resulting water. Most impurities are left behind in the boiling chamber. Both rely heavily on carbon filtration for chemical removal. It's worth mentioning that cheap distillers often have little or no carbon filtration and are not as effective.

5. Is distilled water purer than RO water?

Distillers typically remove a few parts per million more of common mineral constituents like sodium. However, distillers lack efficiency when it comes volatile chemicals with a low boiling point. E.g. chloramines, which many cities now use instead of chlorine as a disinfectant, aren't as effectively removed by distillers. Reverse osmosis paired with carbon filters, however, does a very good job of removing evidence of chloramines. Unless volatile chemicals like chlorine are removed by carbon filtration before they enter the distiller, they will be released into the air or end up in the distilled water. Nonetheless, both methods produce very pure water.

6. Do RO units waste a lot of water?

It depends on what you mean by waste. A home RO unit uses water to clean itself and wash away impurities, much like most other water-using appliances. Considering we also use water to wash clothes, dishes, cars, and to flush toilets, a reverse osmosis unit uses more water in its operation than you actually consume, but not enough to effect your water bill. However, the RO unit only uses water while it's filling its storage tank. Once the tank is full, the unit shuts down and no water runs to drain-- think two or three extra toilet flushes a day.

7. What are the annual maintenance costs?

Only pre filters and post filters need to be replaced on an annual basis to ensure proper performance. Ultimately, the quality of the water and the amount of use will determine the frequency of filter changes. Depending on the point-of-use RO model, the annual cost is less then $0.30 per day. The RO membrane itself will normally last between two and five years.

8. What is the importance of water pressure to an RO system?

It is essential. The water pressure is what forces the water through the membrane for purification and flushes the rejected solids away. Low water pressure will result in reduced production and premature fouling of the membrane. The ideal pressure for operating an RO system is 60 PSI. Pressure below 40 PSI is generally considered insufficient, and should be boosted using a pressure booster pump.

9. Can I hook an RO unit to my refrigerator/icemaker?

Yes, but only if you can reach the appliance with a 1/4" tube from the under sink RO unit. Pressure is a consideration with some refrigerators, so it's a good idea to check with the manufacturer. The pressure you'll get from the RO unit is about 2/3 of the incoming line pressure.

10. How long will an RO unit last?

Virtually forever if you service it regularly and replace parts that wear out, like the storage tank and the faucet. Typical membrane life is about 2 to 5 years, depending on the nature of the water that it's processing.

11. Does RO remove chlorine?

While the RO membrane itself does not remove chlorine, it doesn't have to. A couple of high-quality carbon filters will do that job. In fact, if the first carbon filter didn't remove all the chlorine, the membrane would get eaten alive in no time.

12. Do RO units remove minerals that are essential to health?

RO units remove about 95% of the mineral content, but the mineral issue is probably the most controversial question in drinking water purification. Experts on both sides of the issue speak convincingly. As long as water is palatable, it's within the body's acceptable range. The main issue with water is chemicals, not minerals. Whether water contains 30 or 3 parts per million calcium is not nearly as significant as the difference between 0.5 and 5 parts per million chloroform.

13. Do RO units need electricity?

No, they run on water pressure. You only need electricity if you add an electric pressure-boost pump or an ultraviolet lamp. Standard units have neither.

14. Why are RO units so popular?

Because they produce great-tasting, very pure water at a reasonable price when compared to buying bottled water, and in a trouble-free, fully automatic format to boot. Committed water drinkers know, not all water tastes the same.

15. Will a water softener harm the RO?

No, in fact, a water softener can help extend the life of the RO membrane. Calcium and magnesium (limescale) are two of the hardest minerals for the RO membrane to remove, and sodium (added to the water by the softener) is much easier on the membrane as it rejects 98% of all sodium in the water.

Some popular drinking water purifiers on the market are: Vasstar, Karofi, Kangaroo, GPD, Korihome, etc. To choose the right water purifier, you need to note the following 4 criteria: demand, health needs, suitable living space and choose a reputable and quality buying address.

Benefits of using a drinking water purifier

• Ensure pure and clean water for the family to use in daily life.
• More cost-effective than buying bottled water to use.
• Supplement beneficial ions, micro-minerals, essential nutrients, etc. into the body through water.

Some good quality drinking water purifiers on the market

RO drinking water filter for family 50GPD

Product details:

• Pump Headon HF 365 &#; Taiwan.
• Filter housing: 10 inches &#; Taiwan.
• Filter core: PP &#; CTO &#; UDF &#; T33.
• 1 RO membrane 50GPD Filmtec &#; USA.
• 3.2 GL accumulator: 10 liters.
• Filtration capacity: 8 to 10 liters/hour.
• Ballast 24V &#; Taiwan.
• UV11W lamp &#; Philippines.

50GPD household RO water filter provided by Song Phung Environmental Company, with components imported from Taiwan, RO membrane made in the US, compact and beautiful design, used for schools and households , factories, &#; Products filter bacteria by reverse osmosis method, for clean and pure water.

RO water filter includes 5 standard filter cores as follows:

• Pre-filter: Made of polypropylene fiber, cotton fiber core helps to completely remove soil, scum, sand, mud and impurities suspended in water larger than 10μm in size.
• Granular activated carbon filter (UDF): Made from granular activated carbon, which has the effect of eliminating odors, chlorine, organic compounds and other chemicals.
• Compressed activated carbon filter (CTO): Composed of compressed activated carbon, it helps to eliminate odors, metal compounds, pesticides, enhance sweetness and make water, increase the efficiency of removing some heavy metal.
• RO membrane works according to the principle of reverse osmosis filtration, under the pump pressure > 50 psi, the gap is 0.01 micrometer in size to prevent impurities, viruses, bacteria,&#; out and only for water molecules. pass.
• Filter T33: Made from coconut shell charcoal, capable of creating sweetness for water after passing through the filter.

Function of RO direct drinking water filter for family 50GPD:

• Automatic water filtration.
• Automatically stops when there is a lack of water.
• Stop working when the water tank is full.
• Automatic water discharge.

Vasstar direct hot and cold drinking water purifier

This is one of the most commonly used direct water purifier brands on the market. The product has a vertical cabinet design, 2-3 faucets with water modes to meet the needs of use (hot water at a temperature of 85 to 95oC, cold water from 8 to 10oC). Thanks to multi-layer thermal protection technology, the water purifier saves 30% of electricity. In addition, the product is cooled by durable Block technology, it only takes 20 to 25 minutes to have cold water to use. The monolithic SMAX RO filter is manufactured in the US, helping to remove up to 99.99% of pollutants in water. The system has 11 filters that kill bacteria by UV light, ensuring that the water is always clean and safe; The system automatically flushes the RO membrane to help increase the life of the machine during use.

Kangaroo direct drinking water purifier

This is one of the best brands of direct drinking water purifiers on the market. The product not only removes harmful impurities, providing pure water, but also adds many beneficial minerals, ions, &#; to help balance the body&#;s pH. Kangaroo direct water purifier is manufactured according to American technology lines, so it is 5 times more durable than other devices. Moreover, the product is also equipped with an automatic operation mechanism, which helps to better protect the machine and save maximum electricity.

Karofi drinking water purifier

This is one of the reputable direct drinking water purifier brands in the household market. Components of the product are made in the US and Taiwan, but are assembled in Vietnam. Karofi direct drinking water purifier has the function of filtering all algae, dirt, harmful bacteria, bringing pure water up to 99%, protecting the health of consumers. In terms of price, the Karofi direct water purifier is not too different from the Kangaroo brand.

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Sunhouse drinking water purifier

Sunhouse direct drinking water purifier uses Nano Silver advanced bactericidal technology into the system. So you can safely use it without worrying about the health of yourself and your family. Some outstanding strengths of Sunhouse direct drinking water purifier such as: automatically washing the RO membrane, stopping operation when the water pressure is not enough, adding Alkaline. It can be said that this is one of the best brands of direct drinking water purifiers that you should use.

Toshiba drinking water purifier

Toshiba direct drinking water purifier is equipped with American RO filter core, Post Carbon and Pre filters made in Japan. The machine is assembled in China but according to Japanese production lines and technology. So you can be completely assured of the quality and durability of the machine. The product is designed simply and elegantly with special features such as:

• UV LED lamps have times stronger light intensity per unit area, effectively disinfecting and saving up to 90% of electricity.
• Touch control system LED displays the time to change PAC and RO cores, making it easy for users to monitor and replace new cores periodically.

Korihome drinking water purifier

Korihome direct drinking water purifier is integrated with hot and cold and uses smart technology, the filter system is imported from Korea. This is also one of the reputable and quality direct drinking water purifier brands on the market today.

The product has a sterile monolithic filter system, which helps to remove up to 99.99% of heavy metal residues, dirt, residual chlorine, carcinogenic factors, viruses, etc. dual filter duo 2 Sediment cores, 2 Pre-Carbon cores. RO membrane and functional core system behind powerful filters for pure water.

Smart microprocessors have the ability to automatically cut off power when leaking, notify filter replacement, input and output water quality, filter clogging warning or weak water supply, warn if the machine is operating. too long (over 5 hours), automatic RO membrane cleaning and smart keypad lock.

The drinking water filter products from the Korihome brand all have modern designs, European-style designs, elegant colors, contributing to the luxury of living space.

Experiences choosing to buy a direct drinking water purifier for the family

Usage scale

If the family has from 1 to 6 members, you should buy a machine with a filtering capacity of about 15 liters / hour. If the family has more than 6 members, a purifier with a capacity of over 15 liters/hour will be the perfect choice to meet everyone&#;s needs.

Suitable for living space

Depending on the living area, you will have a suitable choice. Currently, direct drinking water purifiers have a variety of designs such as: built-in, desktop, standing cabinets, &#; for users to freely choose.

Health needs

If your family has elderly people, children, sick people and often uses water to make tea, coffee, milk, hot or warm water to take medicine, etc., you should buy a direct water purifier with hot and cold faucets for all living. operation is more convenient.

Choose a reputable address, good warranty policy

Currently, there are many stores and retail locations of water purifiers on the market. Therefore, you need to carefully study the place of sale and the warranty policies to avoid buying poor quality products.

Above is information about some quality and reputable direct drinking water purifiers in the market and product buying experience. If you have a need to buy a direct water purifier at a good price, please contact Song Phung Environmental Company immediately for quick support and advice!

See more articles: Top 10 strange questions searched on Google about water

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Translator: Duong Nguyen Hoang Khang 

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