Overview of Industrial Shredders and Their Importance
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In the industrial world, industrial shredders play a crucial role in the processing of various types of waste, from paper to plastic, from WEEE to tires. These machines, subject to strict regulations such as Directive /42/EC within the European Union, vary in terms of power, motorization, and the number of blade-carrying shafts.
The Importance of Blades in Shredding Processes
One of the less obvious but fundamental characteristics in the choice of a shredder is the type of blades used. The blades, mounted on the shafts in a staggered and alternating manner, are crucial for the effectiveness of the shredding process. Their shape, size, and the material they are made from can make the difference between an efficient process and an inadequate one. Shredding is a dynamic process, in which even the difference between dry and wet material affects the outcome in terms of production. Manufacturers don't have a simulation software where entering variables yields the right solution but must rely on their field experience. In this case, references are more important than ever.
The Choice of Special Steel and Blade Maintenance
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The selection of blades is not limited to their shape or size but also extends to the choice of manufacturing materials, particularly the use of special steel. Steel, a ferrous alloy enriched with elements such as chromium, manganese, and nickel, is essential for imparting properties to the blades, such as impact resistance and wear resistance, as well as facilitating maintenance, such as re-sharpening and welding. The Italian production of raw steel and hot-rolled products, which in was 22.3 million tonnes, according to data published by Federacciai (187.3 million tonnes in Europe according to EUROFER), underscores the importance of this material in the shredder industry. Special steel is used not only in the blades but also in other critical components such as blade-carrying shafts and cutting plates. Each component has specific needs, so choosing the right steel is essential to ensure maximum efficiency and durability. The classification of steels is indeed a function of their intended use. Typically, quenched and tempered steel is used "suitable for withstanding high loads, impacts, and especially fatigue resistance."
Maintenance of the blades is another crucial aspect. The ease of dismantling and re-sharpening, as well as weldability (especially for the blades of tearers), are important factors to consider. Errors in the working tolerances can compromise the functionality of the machine, highlighting the importance of referring to the manufacturer for maintenance.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the choice of blades in an industrial shredder is not an aspect to be underestimated. It must be made in harmony with the power of the machinery, considering the type of material to be processed. Special steel, with its unique properties, plays a key role in ensuring that the blades are resistant, durable, and easy to maintain, thus contributing to the overall success of the shredding process.
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